Cloud Computing: From Custom-build via COTS to SaaS

A decade or two ago, we built all of our applications ourselves (well, except some generic products like WordPerfect). Common practice in most organizations nowadays is to first look for Commercial of the Shelf Software (COTS) before building an own solution.

But the weather is getting "cloudy" these days, and a storm is ahead.

With the maturity of the Internet a third branch is emerging on the decision-tree. Is the solution available as SaaS? Yes, do it. If not, is the solution available as COTS? Yes, do it. If not, build it yourself. And after you've built it, deploy it in the cloud.

The facts

Oracle has acquired SUN to get into the data center business. Microsoft and Google and others invest huge amounts of money to build data centers all over the world. Amazon offers virtual desktops (EC2) at a few cents per hour -and you only pay when you are logged in. Linxter offers an ESB in the cloud, Microsoft calls it the Internet Service Bus. Microsoft also offers Windows-in-the-cloud (Azure). Google offers rich email services to companies with (an ever growing) 7 GB storage at the price of one and a half cup of coffee a month. Salesforce offers business functionality at rates interesting enough to be taken seriously, no investments needed. Since the early days of the Internet suppliers offer storage in the cloud and their prices are decreasing. BPM is offered in the cloud to click together you business processes based on SaaS and your own local applications and services, using a Service Bus in the cloud and/or your own to route the messages around.

Virtualization to share resources not at an enterprise level, but at a global level decreases costs with a magnitude beyond any imagination. Pay-as-you-go and fast-scale models will make any investment and so any business case in your organization superfluous.

Identity services based on OpenID authenticate users in the cloud. In combination with secure federated provisioning services and legal certifications of cloud services providers, adequate levels of security are guaranteed.

In the short term emotions ("This is not secure enough for us... We have different needs then other companies... It's not flexible...") will be the main speed limiter, but eventually rationalism will win: do things ourselves in-house against huge costs, let things do dedicated for us by a provider in the cloud against high costs, or make use of multi-tenant and virtualized solutions with globally shared resources at extremely low costs.

Now is the time for organizations to establish a vision and policies and be prepared. Retink the role of the IT-department because things will change, soon, fast and overwhelming. If you as an IT-department don't, the business units will. Because most of what the enterprise's IT-department offers will be offered in the cloud as well, very fast, very scalable, very cheap, and instantly available to everyone. No company-WAN is needed; a cheap ADSL- or cable-access point will sufice to connect the business unit's LAN to the cloud. Be prepared!!

Diving into the Nerd's level of SOA

When we, architects, business process modelers, and system designers, finally got our concepts in place, and when the SOA governance is instituted, the runtime platforms are installed in development, test and production environments, and the steering committee says "go", then we call them in: The Nerds!

These "Nerds" deserve all the respect, because they are the talented ones who are able to change all our paperwork to smoothly running systems. Even the best and most ingenious architecture is worth nothing without someone who can build it and make it reality.

I came across a book with the subtitle "Build SOA applications on the Microsoft platform in this hands-on guide". That made sense to me. The main title sounds "WCF Multi-tier Services Development with LINQ". So I concluded WCF and LINQ must be the Microsoft platform to build SOA's. I started reading, because I was curious how the deep level developers are able to get our architectural SOA models to live.

WCF stands for Windows Communication Foundation and LINQ stands for Language Integrated Query. Both are heavily (no, totally!) bound to the .NET Framework. In fact this book are two books, one about WCF and one about LINQ. Don't blame me for this conclusion, I am an architect and architects look by nature for separation into demarcated components.

Reading the book I found out that WCF is Microsoft's unified model for building service-oriented applications on the Microsoft .NET Framework and covers an umbrella technology for web services, remoting, and messaging. With WCF programmers are able to surround the written business logic with web services technology like SOAP and WSDL, supporting WS-*, in combination with end-point definition (addressing), contract definitions (service-, operation-, message-, data- and fault-contracts) and asynchronous messaging and queuing.

I also found out that LINQ is used to access the persistent-data layer directly from natively embedded program statements in the source-code. LINQ is a set of features in Visual Studio that extends query capabilities to the language syntax of C# and Visual Basic. So you just code your SQL-queries as smart local statements in C# or Visual Basic and the compiler or interpreter converts these statements to real SQL-queries to access the SQL-aware data layer.

Well, I must say that - as a retired programming-geek - I really enjoined browsing this book. And I am definitely sure that contemporary C#-programmers can gain great insights in using WCF to build SOA-applications and to use LINQ to access the underlaying databases by reading this book. The book really offers a good and pragmatic hands-on guide with code and screen-layout examples. A valuable head start for every .NET developer in the current SOA-era!

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